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The nucleus is the most prominent organelle in the cell that you can see under a microscope. It also prevents the spreading of cytoplasm outside the cell. The cell membrane performs a basic role in organizing the passage of substances to and from the cell. It separates the cell’s components from its surrounding medium. This is a thin membrane covering the cell. The cell wall is pitted and is mainly composed of cellulose fibres therefore this wall allows the passage of water and dissolved substances through it easily. This wall provides the cells with support and protection. Cytoplasm contains a group of cellular structures called cell organelles.Ĭells of plants, algae, fungi and some bacteria are surrounded by a cell wall as well as the cell membrane. The protoplasm is differentiated into a nucleus and cytoplasm. The cell is made up of a protoplasmic mass surrounded by the cell membrane.The muscular cells can contract and relax to help the animal move freely. The muscular cells are cylindrical and long and accumulate together to form muscle fibres. The nerve cell (neuron) is long in shape in order to transfer the messages from the spinal cord, present inside the vertebral column, to your toes. There is a relationship between the cell shape and the functions it performs. Cells vary in shape, structure, and size.